A 91-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of dyspnea and productive cough. She was autonomous regarding the activities of daily living and had a medical history of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and suspected tuberculosis in her twenties. The arterial blood gas test revealed severe hypercapnia with acidemia. The chest radiograph showed a nearly complete left pleural calcification associated with a marked lung volume reduction and computerized tomography confirmed a calcified fibrothorax.

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