Prostate Cancer: The Role of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Authors

  • João Lopes Dias Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • João Magalhães Pina Department of Urology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Raquel João Department of Urology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Joana Fialho Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Sandra Carmo Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Cecília Leal Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Tiago Bilhim Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Rui Mateus Marques Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Luís Campos Pinheiro Department of Urology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.5370

Keywords:

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prostatic Neoplasms.

Abstract

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging has been increasingly used for detection, localization and staging of prostate cancer over the last years. It combines high-resolution T2 Weighted-Imaging and at least two functional techniques, which include Dynamic Contrast–Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spectroscopy. Although the combined use of a pelvic phased-array and an Endorectal Coil is considered the state-of-the-art for Magnetic Resonance Imaging evaluation of prostate cancer, Endorectal Coil is only absolute mandatory for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spectroscopy at 1.5 T. Sensitivity and specificity levels in cancer detection and localization have been improving with functional technique implementation, compared to T2 Weighted-Imaging alone. It has been particularly useful to evaluate patients with abnormal PSA and negative biopsy. Moreover, the information added by the functional techniques may correlate to cancer aggressiveness and therefore be useful to select patients for focal radiotherapy, prostate sparing surgery, focal ablative therapy and active surveillance. However, more studies are needed to compare the functional techniques and understand the advantages and disadvantages of each one. This article reviews the basic principles of prostatic mp-Magnetic Resonance Imaging, emphasizing its role on detection, staging and active surveillance of prostate cancer.

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Author Biography

João Lopes Dias, Department of Radiology. Hospital de São José. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central. Lisboa. Portugal.

Radiologia

Hospital de São José, CHLC

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Published

2015-04-30

How to Cite

1.
Lopes Dias J, Magalhães Pina J, João R, Fialho J, Carmo S, Leal C, Bilhim T, Mateus Marques R, Campos Pinheiro L. Prostate Cancer: The Role of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Acta Med Port [Internet]. 2015 Apr. 30 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];28(2):240-9. Available from: https://actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5370

Issue

Section

Review Articles