Risk factors for the progression of food by oral ingestion of patients with degenerative neurological diseases in monitoring in speech therapy.

Abstract

Currently studying the speech voice therapy effectiveness in cases of oropharyngeal dysphagia has been deepened and included the variables that prevent the patient develops treatment.To study the possible risk factors for progression of food intake by mouth during the speech accompanying dysphagia in patients hospitalized with degenerative neurological diseases.Retrospective study conducted at the Department of Speech Therapy in a General Hospital from January 2007 to May 2008. Were collected 117 records of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia, and only 15 (12.8%) were diagnosed with degenerative neurological disease, evolved with complaints of dysphagia and underwent speech therapy. We used myofunctional orofacial and vocal exercises for rehabilitation. We applied Fisher's exact test and nonparametric test Mann-statistical analysis of possible relationship with risk factors, namely clinical events during therapy and respiratory conditions of patients.Study participants were 11 (73.3%) female patients and four (26.7%) males. Ten (66.7%) patients who progressed on the ability of oral intake and had less time in therapy, 11 (73.4%) did not present any problem, two (13.3%) had worsening of symptoms and two (13.3%) had a lowered level of consciousness during the therapeutic process. Ten of 15 patients (66.7%) showed progression in the ability of oral intake according to clinical assessment (range FOIS®), five (33.3%) remained the same conditions prior to therapy and no patient had worsening oral intake.The level of consciousness and respiratory complications in this study were associated with poor prognosis for the progression of oral in speech therapy.