Portuguese Cross-Cultural Adaptations of the Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee Score
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.18425Keywords:
Child, Knee, Knee Injuries, Patient Outcome Assessment, Psychometrics, Surveys and QuestionnairesAbstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to translate the Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee Score (Pedi-IKDC) into European Portuguese language. The Pedi-IKDC was originally developed in the English language and its main construct is functional assessment of knee disorders in children and adolescents.
Material and Methods: The original English version of the questionnaire was translated to European Portuguese using the forwardbackwards method. Patients aged eight to 17 with knee disorders were considered eligible for the study. An online platform was implemented to collect patient responses, including general patient information, the questionnaires Pedi-IKDC, EuroQol-5 Dimension Youth and Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire. Three surveys were sent: at the moment of first evaluation (T0), after two (T1) and ten (T2) weeks. These surveys followed the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments - COSMIN Checklist recommendations. The internal consistency, reliability, error of measurement, structural and construct validity (by means of correlation with previously validated scales), responsiveness and interpretability (floor/ceiling effects, MIC and ROC curve) were evaluated.
Results: Forty-seven patients completed T0, 42 patients completed T1 and 40 patients completed T2. The factorial analysis confirmed that the scale has one dimension. Cronbach alpha (α) was 0.94; interclass correlation coefficient was 0.92; smallest detectable change was 19.04 for individuals and 3.31 for groups; standard error of measurement was 6.87; minimum important change was 18.48; floor and ceiling effects were absent. More than 75% of the hypotheses tested for construct validity were confirmed, showing its adequacy. The variation of scores between T0 and T2 correlated with the clinical evolution of the participants (r = 0.421, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The Portuguese version of Pedi-IKDC demonstrated good psychometric properties, being a valuable tool for clinical assessment of pediatric patients with knee disorder.
Downloads
References
Black N. Patient reported outcome measures could help transform healthcare. BMJ. 2013;346:f167.
Dietvorst M, Reijman M, van Groningen B, van der Steen MC, Janssen RP. PROMs in paediatric knee ligament injury: use the Pedi-IKDC and avoid using adult PROMs. Knee Surgery Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019;27:1965–73.
Iversen MD, von Heideken J, Farmer E, Rihm J, Heyworth BE, Kocher MS. Validity and comprehensibility of physical activity scales for children with sport injuries. J Pediatr Orthop. 2016;36:278–83.
De Inocencio J. Epidemiology of musculoskeletal pain in primary care. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89:431–4.
Ferry T, Bergström U, Hedström EM, Lorentzon R, Zeisig E. Epidemiology of acute knee injuries seen at the emergency department at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, during 15 years. Knee Surgery Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014;22:1149–55.
Howard AF, Costich JF, Mattacola CG, Slavova S, Bush HM, Scutchfield FD. A statewide assessment of youth sports- and recreation-related injuries using emergency department administrative records. J Adolesc Heal. 2014;55:627–32.
Kaiser HF. An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika. 1974;39:31–6.
Micheli LJ, Smith AD, Ireland ML, Gerbino PG. Knee injuries in the young athlete. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2001;33:S312.
Kocher MS, Smith JT, Iversen MD, Brustowicz K, Ogunwole O, Andersen J, et al. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Modified International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form (Pedi-IKDC) in children with knee disorders. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39:933–9.
Nasreddine AY, Connell PL, Kalish LA, Nelson S, Iversen MD, Anderson AF, et al. The Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC) subjective knee evaluation form: normative data. Am J Sports Med. 2017;45:527–34.
Boykin RE, McFeely ED, Shearer D, Frank JS, Harrod CC, Nasreddine AY, et al. Correlation between the Child Health Questionnaire and the International Knee Documentation Committee score in pediatric and adolescent patients with an anterior cruciate ligament tear. J Pediatr Orthop. 2013;33:216–20.
Fabricant PD, Brusalis CM, Schachne JM, Matava MJ, Anderson CN, Busch MT, et al. Which metrics are being used to evaluate children and adolescents after ACL reconstruction? A systematic review. Arthrosc Sport Med Rehabil. 2020;2:e417–28.
Herdea A, Pencea V, Lungu CN, Charkaoui A, Ulici A. A prospective cohort study on quality of life among the pediatric population after surgery for recurrent patellar dislocation. Children. 2021;8:830.
Moksnes H, Engebretsen L, Seil R. The ESSKA paediatric anterior cruciate ligament monitoring initiative. Knee Surgery Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016;24:680–7.
van der Velden CA, van der Steen MC, Leenders J, van Douveren FQ, Janssen RP, Reijman M. Pedi-IKDC or KOOS-child: which questionnaire should be used in children with knee disorders? BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20:240.
Jacobsen JS, Knudsen P, Fynbo C, Rolving N, Warming S. Reproducibility and responsiveness of a Danish Pedi-IKDC subjective knee form for children with knee disorders. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26:1408–14.
Macchiarola L, Grassi A, Di Paolo S, Pizza N, Trisolino G, Stallone S, et al. The Italian cross-cultural adaptations of the paediatric International Knee Documentation Committee Score and the Hospital for Special Surgery Paediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale are reliable instruments in paediatric population. Knee Surgery, Sport Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020;28:2657–62.
Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL. COSMIN checklist manual. Amsterdam: VU University Medical Center; 2012.
Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, et al. The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: an international Delphi study. Qual Life Res. 2010;19:539–49.
Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, et al. The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for healthrelated patient-reported outcomes. J Clin Epidemiol. 2010;63:737–45.
Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25:3186–91.
Wille N, Badia X, Bonsel G, Burström K, Cavrini G, Devlin N, et al. Development of the EQ-5D-Y: a child-friendly version of the EQ-5D. Qual Life Res. 2010;19:875–86.
EuroQol Office. EQ-5D | Available versions and modes of administration [Internet]. Self-complete Portuguese (Portugal) version of EQ-5D-Y. 2019. [cited 2020 Apr 12]. Available from: https://euroqol.org/eq-5dinstruments/eq-5d-y-available-modes-of-administration/self-completeon-paper/.
Melo-Gomes JA, Ruperto N, Canhao H, Fonseca JE, Quintal A, Salgado M, et al. The Portuguese version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). Clin Exp Rheumatol. 19:S126-30.
Singh G, Athreya BH, Fries JF, Goldsmith DP. Measurement of health status in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1994;37:1761–9.
Deshpande P, Sudeepthi Bl, Rajan S, Abdul Nazir C. Patient-reported outcomes: a new era in clinical research. Perspect Clin Res. 2011;2:137.
Muehlhausen W, Doll H, Quadri N, Fordham B, O’Donohoe P, Dogar N, et al. Equivalence of electronic and paper administration of patientreported outcome measures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted between 2007 and 2013. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2015;13:167.
Sabatino MJ, Gans CV, Zynda AJ, Chung JS, Miller SM, Wilson PL, et al. An electronic patient-reported outcomes measurement system in paediatric orthopaedics. J Child Orthop. 2019;13:431–7.
Wille N, Badia X, Bonsel G, Burström K, Cavrini G, Devlin N, et al. Development of the EQ-5D-Y: a child-friendly version of the EQ-5D. Qual Life Res. 2010;19:875–86.
Ravens-Sieberer U, Wille N, Badia X, Bonsel G, Burström K, Cavrini G, et al. Feasibility, reliability, and validity of the EQ-5D-Y: results from a multinational study. Qual Life Res. 2010;19:887–97.
Chan YH. Biostatistics 101: data presentation. Singapore Med J. 2003;44:280–5.
Streiner DL. Starting at the beginning: an introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency. J Pers Assess. 2003;80:99–103.
Hernaez R. Reliability and agreement studies: a guide for clinical investigators. Gut. 2015;64:1018–27.
Prinsen CA, Mokkink LB, Bouter LM, Alonso J, Patrick DL, de Vet HC, et al. COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures. Qual Life Res. 2018;27:1147–57.
Geerinck A, Alekna V, Beaudart C, Bautmans I, Cooper C, De Souza Orlandi F, et al. Standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire: an analysis of subjects from 9 validation studies. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0216065.
Chan YH. Biostatistics 304. Cluster analysis. Singapore Med J. 2005;46:153–9.
Revicki D, Hays RD, Cella D, Sloan J. Recommended methods for determining responsiveness and minimally important differences for patient-reported outcomes. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61:102–9.
de Vet HC, Ostelo RW, Terwee CB, van der Roer N, Knol DL, Beckerman H, et al. Minimally important change determined by a visual method integrating an anchor-based and a distribution-based approach. Qual Life Res. 2007;16:131.
Terwee CB, Bot SD, de Boer MR, van der Windt DA, Knol DL, Dekker J, et al. Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60:34–42.
Vitale MG, Levy DE, Johnson MG, Gelijns AC, Moskowitz AJ, Roye BP, et al. Assessment of quality of life in adolescent patients with orthopaedic problems: are adult measures appropriate? J Pediatr Orthop. 2001;21:622–8.
Donner A, Eliasziw M. Sample size requirements for reliability studies. Stat Med. 1987;6:441–8.
Floyd FJ, Widaman KF. Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychol Assess. 1995;7:286–99.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Acta Médica Portuguesa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All the articles published in the AMP are open access and comply with the requirements of funding agencies or academic institutions. The AMP is governed by the terms of the Creative Commons ‘Attribution – Non-Commercial Use - (CC-BY-NC)’ license, regarding the use by third parties.
It is the author’s responsibility to obtain approval for the reproduction of figures, tables, etc. from other publications.
Upon acceptance of an article for publication, the authors will be asked to complete the ICMJE “Copyright Liability and Copyright Sharing Statement “(http://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/info/AMP-NormasPublicacao.pdf) and the “Declaration of Potential Conflicts of Interest” (http:// www.icmje.org/conflicts-of-interest). An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author to acknowledge receipt of the manuscript.
After publication, the authors are authorised to make their articles available in repositories of their institutions of origin, as long as they always mention where they were published and according to the Creative Commons license.
