Diabetes Screening in Patients with Macrovascular Coronary Disease: Are the New European Guidelines a Step Backwards?

Authors

  • Andreia Ribeiro Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Lisboa. Lisboa. Portugal.
  • Sérgio Bravo Baptista Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
  • Mariana Faustino Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
  • Paulo Alves Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
  • Pedro Farto e Abreu Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
  • Victor Machado Gil Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.
  • Carlos Morais Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.7990

Keywords:

Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose Tolerance Test, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Mass Screening

Abstract

Background: The new European guidelines on diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases propose that the FINnish Diabetes RIsk SCore should be used to evaluate the risk of diabetes mellitus and that diabetes mellitus screening in coronary artery disease patients should be based on fasting glucose and HbA1c. The 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test, recommended for all pts in the previous guidelines, is now only recommended for ‘inconclusive’ cases. We aimed to evaluate this new strategy.
Material and Methods: Fasting glucose, HbA1c and glucose tolerance test (75 g, 2h) were prospectively evaluated in a consecutive group of pts with coronary artery disease. ADA criteria (both glucose tolerance test and HbA1c) were used to define diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus risk was evaluated according to the FINnish Diabetes RIsk SCore.
Results: A total of 135 patients were included (mean age 62.3 +/- 13.1 years, 99 males). Glucose tolerance test and HbA1c together diagnosed 18 (13.3%) new cases of diabetes mellitus and 77 (57.0%) patients with pre-diabetes mellitus. Fasting glucose + HbA1c (guidelines strategy) identified 12/18 patients with diabetes mellitus (Sens 66.7%; negative predictive value 95.1%; Kappa 0.78; p < 0.0001) and 83/95 patients with glucose anomalies (pre- diabetes mellitus + diabetes mellitus) (Sens 87.4%; negative predictive value 76.9%). Performing glucose tolerance test in the 29 patients with an elevated FINnish Diabetes RIsk SCore would allow identifying 15/18 patients with diabetes mellitus (Sens 83.3%; negative predictive value 97.5%; Kappa 0.85; p < 0.0001) and 86/95 patients with glucose anomalies (Sens 90.5%; negative predictive value 81.6%).
Discussion: Although this strategy improved the screening accuracy, one in each six patients with diabetes mellitus would still remain undiagnosed, as compared to measuring HbA1c and performing an glucose tolerance test in all patients.
Conclusion: Using the FINnish Diabetes RIsk SCore to select candidates to additional glucose tolerance test improves the accuracy for identifying diabetic patients, as compared with fasting glucose + HbA1c alone. However, 1/6 patients diabetes mellitus is still left undiagnosed with this strategy proposed by the current guidelines.

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Author Biographies

Andreia Ribeiro, Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Lisboa. Lisboa. Portugal.

Aluna de Medicina

Sérgio Bravo Baptista, Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

Especialidade: Cardiologia Sub-Especialidade (OM): Cardiologia de Intervenção; Assistente Hospitalar Graduado

Mariana Faustino, Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

Especialidade: Cardiologia; Assistente Hospitalar

Paulo Alves, Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

Interno de Cardiologia

Pedro Farto e Abreu, Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

Especialidade: Cardiologia Sub-Especialidade (OM): Cardiologia de Intervenção; Assistente Hospitalar Graduado

Victor Machado Gil, Serviço de Cardiologia. Hospital Fernando Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

Especialidade: Cardiologia; Chefe de Serviço; Professor Doutor, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa

Published

2017-06-30

How to Cite

1.
Ribeiro A, Baptista SB, Faustino M, Alves P, e Abreu PF, Gil VM, Morais C. Diabetes Screening in Patients with Macrovascular Coronary Disease: Are the New European Guidelines a Step Backwards?. Acta Med Port [Internet]. 2017 Jun. 30 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];30(6):434-42. Available from: https://actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/7990

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Original