Consulta Multidisciplinar de Doenças Neurocutâneas: Experiência de Cinco Anos num Hospital Pediátrico Terciário em Portugal

Autores

  • Mafalda Rebelo Pediatrics Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-9708
  • Telma Francisco Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Nephrology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-6818
  • Rosário Perry da Câmara Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Pediatric Neurology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon. 
  • Andreia Pereira Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Pediatric Neurology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon.
  • Amets Iraneta Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Neurosurgery Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon.  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-8417
  • Marta Amorim Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Genetics Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon.  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3660-2658
  • Maria João Paiva Lopes Dermatology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas - CEDOC. NOVA Medical School. Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Lisbon.
  • Rita Lopes da Silva Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Pediatric Neurology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon. 
  • Ana Isabel Cordeiro Multidisciplinary Outpatient Clinic of Neurocutaneous Diseases. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon; Pediatric Neurology Department. Hospital Dona Estefânia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Lisbon. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-8582

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.19063

Palavras-chave:

Ambulatório Hospitalar, Criança, Doenças Neurocutâneas/diagnóstico, Doenças Neurocutâneas/genética, Esclerose Tuberosa, Neurofibromatose 1

Resumo

Introdução: As doenças neurocutâneas (DNC) são um grupo heterogéneo de patologias com envolvimento multiorgânico e manifestações diversas que evoluem ao longo da vida, com morbilidade significativa. Tem sido preconizada uma abordagem multidisciplinar destes doentes, contudo o modelo ideal não está ainda estabelecido. Este trabalho tem como objetivos 1) descrever a organização da recém-criada Consulta Multidisciplinar de Doenças Neurocutâneas (CMDNC) de um hospital pediátrico terciário em Portugal; 2) partilhar a experiência institucional, focando as patologias mais comuns, neurofibromatose tipo 1 (NF1) e complexo esclerose tuberosa (CET); e 3) analisar as vantagens de um centro e abordagem multidisciplinares nas DNC.
Métodos: Análise retrospetiva dos 281 doentes acompanhados na CMDNC durante os primeiros cinco anos de funcionamento (outubro 2016 a dezembro 2021), com revisão da genética, história familiar, manifestações clínicas, complicações e estratégias terapêuticas dos doentes com NF1 e CET.
Resultado: A CMDNC funciona semanalmente com um pediatra e um neuropediatra, com apoio de outras especialidades sempre que necessário. Dos 281 doentes acompanhados, 224 (79,7%) têm síndromes identificados, como NF1 (n = 105), CET (n = 35), hipomelanose de Ito (n = 11), síndrome de Sturge-Weber (n = 5), e outras. Dos doentes com NF1, 41,0% têm história familiar positiva, todos apresentavam manchas ‘café com leite’, 38,1% neurofibromas, dos quais 45,0% com grandes neurofibromas plexiformes. Dezasseis estavam sob tratamento com selumetinib. Foi realizado estudo genético em 82,9% dos doentes com CET, com variantes patogénicas identificadas no gene TSC2 em 72,4% (82,7% se considerado síndrome de
genes contíguos). Em 31,4% havia história familiar positiva. Todos os doentes com CET apresentaram máculas hipomelanocíticas e cumpriam critérios diagnósticos. Catorze doentes estavam sob tratamento com inibidores mTOR.
Conclusão: Oferecer uma abordagem sistematizada e multidisciplinar nas DNC possibilita um diagnóstico atempado, promove um acompanhamento estruturado, e favorece a discussão para delinear um plano de cuidados adequado, com impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos doentes e famílias.

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Publicado

2023-06-09

Como Citar

1.
Rebelo M, Francisco T, Perry da Câmara R, Pereira A, Iraneta A, Amorim M, Paiva Lopes MJ, Lopes da Silva R, Cordeiro AI. Consulta Multidisciplinar de Doenças Neurocutâneas: Experiência de Cinco Anos num Hospital Pediátrico Terciário em Portugal. Acta Med Port [Internet]. 9 de Junho de 2023 [citado 25 de Novembro de 2024];37(3):187-9. Disponível em: https://actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/19063

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