Fundamentos dos Modelos Assistenciais de Ortogeriatria: Uma Introdução

Autores

  • Cameron Stephen Medical School. University of Buckingham. Buckingham.
  • Yashar Mashayekhi Medical School. University of Buckingham. Buckingham.
  • Mohamed H. Ahmed Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic. Milton Keynes University Hospital. National Health Service Foundation Trust. Milton Keynes; Department of Geriatric Medicine. Milton Keynes University Hospital. National Health Service Foundation Trust. Milton Keynes; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. University of Buckingham. Buckingham.
  • Lia Marques Department of Medicine. Hospital CUF Tejo. Lisbon.
  • Maria P. Panourgia Department of Geriatric Medicine. Milton Keynes University Hospital. National Health Service Foundation Trust. Milton Keynes; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. University of Buckingham. Buckingham. United Kingdom.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.20768

Palavras-chave:

Avaliação Geriátrica, Geriatria, Fracturas do Colo do Fémur, Ortopedia, Serviços de Saúde para Idosos

Resumo

O envelhecimento da população mundial tem sido exponencial nas últimas décadas, em particular na Europa, onde os adultos com mais de 65 anos representam 20% da população, o que tem criado novos e complexos desafios aos sistemas de saúde. Na maior parte dos países da Europa, a medicina geriátrica é uma especialidade médica bem estabelecida, integrada nos cuidados de saúde primários e secundários. Noutros países, como em Portugal, não existe ainda um internato de formação especifica em medicina geriátrica, apesar de um terço da população portuguesa ter mais de 60 anos. A ocorrência de quedas com fraturas, em particular fraturas da extremidade proximal do fémur, é um marcador de mau prognóstico nas fases mais avançadas da vida. Estas fraturas associam-se a um aumento da morbilidade, perda de autonomia funcional, aumento da necessidade de admissão em estruturas residenciais para idosos e aumento da mortalidade. A taxa de mortalidade no ano seguinte à ocorrência de uma fratura da extremidade proximal do fémur é três a quatro vezes superior à esperada para a população geral, e varia entre os 15% e os 36%. A necessidade de implementar modelos de cuidados específicos para este grupo de doentes baseados nos princípios da medicina geriátrica levou ao desenvolvimento da Ortogeriatria. Esta revisão narrativa centra-se nos princípios dos modelos de cuidados de Ortogeriatria e em estratégias para que os clínicos, mesmo num país em que não existe a especialidade de Medicina Geriátrica, possam aplicar estes princípios e implementar estes modelos.

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2024-11-04

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Stephen C, Mashayekhi Y, Ahmed MH, Marques L, P. Panourgia M. Fundamentos dos Modelos Assistenciais de Ortogeriatria: Uma Introdução. Acta Med Port [Internet]. 4 de Novembro de 2024 [citado 22 de Novembro de 2024];37(11):792-801. Disponível em: https://actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/20768

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